TSRs - définition. Qu'est-ce que TSRs
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Qu'est-ce (qui) est TSRs - définition

COMMUNIST STATE IN EURASIA FROM 1922 TO 1991
SovietUnion; USSR; U.S.S.R.; Soviet union; U.S.S.R; Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik; Ussr; The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; Cccp; European USSR; The union of Soviet Socialist Rebublics; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); СССР; The Soviet Union; Union of soviet socialist republics; Soviet; United Soviet Socialist Republics; The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R); SRSR; Sovjet; Sovetskiy Soyuz; CCCP; All-union; All-Union; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; UdSSR; Sovietunion; C.C.C.P.; Союз Советских Социалистических Республик; Soyuz Sovietskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik; United soviets socialist republic; United Soviets Socialist Rebublic; United Soviet Socialist Rebublic; United soviet socialist republic; CCCP\; Sovyet Union; Sovyet-Union; Sovietsky Soyuz; Soveit Union; The USSR; Sovietic Union; U. S. S. R.; Sport in the Soviet Union; USSr; Советский Союз; PSRS; TSRS; The Soviets; Soviet Power; Union of Soviet Socialist Republic; Союз Советских Социалистическая Республика; Sowjetunion; Советскай Социалистическай Республикалар Союзтара; Советскай Союз; Советской Социалистической Республикаослэн Союззы; Совет Социалистиг Республикаларның Эвилели; Совет Социалистик Республикалар Союзы; Советлар Союзы; Совет Ушем; Neuvostoliitto; Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик; სსრკ; SU (country); S.U. (country); Sovetskij Soyuz; S.S.S.R.; S. S. S. R.; С.С.С.Р.; С. С. С. Р.; Draft:Outline of the Soviet Union; The Soviet; Russia (1922–91); Russia (1922-91); Union of Soviet; United states of soviet russia; Sssr; Council Union; Soviet Union (USSR); Soviet order; Union of Socialist Soviet Republics; The European Soviet Union; U.s.s.r; СРСР; Sowjet Union
  • The [[Pan-European Picnic]] took place in August 1989 on the Hungarian-Austrian border.
  • Kamenev]] celebrating the second anniversary of the [[October Revolution]]
  • Chernobyl nuclear disaster]]
  • 1987 Soviet stamp
  • Ukrainian decommunization policies]] in Donetsk, 2014. The red banner reads, "Our homeland USSR".
  • Victory Day]] over [[Nazi Germany]], 9 May 2018.
  • Tukhachevsky]] were executed.
  • One of the many impacts of the approach to the environment in the USSR is the [[Aral Sea]]. (See status in 1989 and 2014.)
  • Armenia]] in the 1930s
  • Bezbozhnik]] in 1929, magazine of the Society of the Godless. The first five-year plan of the Soviet Union is shown crushing the gods of the [[Abrahamic religions]].
  • SALT II arms limitation treaty]] in Vienna on 18 June 1979.
  • Changes in national boundaries after the end of the [[Cold War]]
  • The [[Cathedral of Christ the Saviour]] in Moscow during its demolition in 1931
  • hydroelectric]] power stations in the Soviet Union
  • [[Aeroflot]]'s flag during the Soviet era
  • }
  • Uzbek SSR]] as part of Soviet [[Hujum]] policies
  • August Coup]]
  • Soviet leader [[Nikita Khrushchev]] (left) with US President [[John F. Kennedy]] in Vienna, 3 June 1961
  • Landscape near [[Karabash, Chelyabinsk Oblast]], an area that was previously covered with forests until acid rainfall from a nearby copper smelter killed all vegetation
  • Construction of the bridge through the [[Kolyma]] (part of the [[Road of Bones]] from [[Magadan]] to [[Jakutsk]]) by the prisoners of [[Dalstroy]]
  • U.S. [[Lend Lease]] shipments to the USSR
  • [[Svaneti]] man in [[Mestia]], Georgian SSR, 1929
  • Military parade on the [[Red Square]] in Moscow, 7 November 1964
  • [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] and [[Nikita Khrushchev]] in 1964
  • [[Nikolai Podgorny]] visiting [[Tampere]], [[Finland]] on 16 October 1969
  • Population of the Soviet Union (red) and the [[post-Soviet states]] (blue) from 1961 to 2009 as well as projection (dotted blue) from 2010 to 2100
  • Vladivostok Summit]] in 1974
  • [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] in one-to-one discussions with US President [[Ronald Reagan]]
  • From left to right: [[Yuri Gagarin]], [[Pavel Popovich]], [[Valentina Tereshkova]] and [[Nikita Khrushchev]] at the [[Lenin's Mausoleum]] in 1963
  • Lvov]] confectionery, Ukrainian SSR, 1967
  • Mikhail Gorbachev and [[George H. W. Bush]] signing bilateral documents during Gorbachev's official visit to the United States in 1990
  • The [[Battle of Stalingrad]], considered by many historians as a decisive turning point of World War II
  • Belarus]], 1968
  • Tajikistan]], 1990
  • Volzhsky Avtomobilny Zavod]] (VAZ) in 1969
  • Ice Hockey World Championships]], winning eight gold medals, two silvers and one bronze.
  • ICBM]] ballistic missile, the deployment of which by the Soviet Union in the late 1970s launched a new [[arms race]] in Europe when NATO responded by deploying [[Pershing II]] missiles in [[West Germany]], among other things
  • Lenin]]''
  • Internally displaced Azerbaijanis from Nagorno-Karabakh, 1993
  • 600px
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  • An early Soviet-era poster discouraging unsafe abortion practices
  • People in [[Samarkand]], Uzbek SSR, 1981
  • The Thaw]]
  • Voroshilov]] in a state meeting on 1958
  • 34,374,483 km<sup>2</sup>.}}
  • stamps]] 1974 for friendship between the USSR and [[India]]
  • Soyuz]] rocket at the [[Baikonur Cosmodrome]]
  • Soviet stamp showing the orbit of [[Sputnik 1]]
  • A bus commemorating Victory Day,<br/>[[Saint Petersburg]], 2010. The text reads "Eternal glory to the victors" next to a portrait of [[Joseph Stalin]] and a [[Saint George's ribbon]].
  • 2001 stamp of [[Moldova]] shows [[Yuri Gagarin]], the first human in space.
  • The [[Grand Kremlin Palace]], the seat of the [[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]], 1982
  • confer]] in Tehran, 1943
  • Country emblems of the Soviet Republics before and after the dissolution of the Soviet Union (note that the [[Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic]] (fifth in the second row) no longer exists as a political entity of any kind and the emblem is unofficial.)
  • Soviet singer-songwriter, poet and actor [[Vladimir Vysotsky]] in 1979
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  • Young Pioneers]] at a Young Pioneer camp in Kazakh SSR
  • The 'Enthusiast's March', a 1930s song famous in the Soviet Union

TSR         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Tsr; TSR (disambiguation)
Terminate and Stay Resident
TSR         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Tsr; TSR (disambiguation)
TSR         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Tsr; TSR (disambiguation)
¦ abbreviation Computing terminate and stay resident, denoting a type of program that remains in the memory of a microcomputer after it has finished running.

Wikipédia

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk (Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over 22,402,200 square kilometres (8,649,500 sq mi) and spanning eleven time zones.

The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, which saw the Bolsheviks overthrow the Russian Provisional Government that formed earlier that year following the February Revolution and the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, marking the end of the Russian Empire. Following the coup, the Bolsheviks lead by Vladimir Lenin established the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (RSFSR), the world's first constitutionally guaranteed socialist state. Persisting internal tensions escalated into the brutal Russian Civil War. As the war progressed in the Bolshevik's favor, the RSFSR began to incorporate land conquered from the war into nominally independent states, which were unified into the Soviet Union in December 1922. Following Lenin's death in 1924, Joseph Stalin came to power. Stalin inaugurated a period of rapid industrialization and forced collectivization that led to significant economic growth, but also contributed to a famine in 1930–1933 that killed millions. The forced labour camp system of the Gulag was also expanded in this period. Stalin conducted the Great Purge to remove his actual and perceived opponents. After the outbreak of World War II, Germany invaded the Soviet Union. The combined Soviet civilian and military casualty count—estimated to be around 20 million people—accounted for the majority of losses of Allied forces. In the aftermath of World War II, the territory occupied by the Red Army formed various Soviet satellite states.

The beginning of the Cold War saw the Eastern Bloc of the Soviet Union confront the Western Bloc of the United States, with the latter grouping becoming largely united in 1949 under NATO and the former grouping becoming largely united in 1955 under the Warsaw Pact. As the Soviet Union already had an armed presence and political domination all over its eastern satellite states by 1955, the pact has been long considered "superfluous", and because of the rushed way in which it was conceived, NATO officials labeled it a "cardboard castle". There was no direct military confrontation between the two organizations; instead, the conflict was fought on an ideological basis and through proxy wars. Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact led to the expansion of military forces and their integration into the respective blocs. The Warsaw Pact's largest military engagement was the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, its own member state, in August 1968 (with the participation of all pact nations except Albania and Romania), which, in part, resulted in Albania withdrawing from the pact less than one month later. Following Stalin's death in 1953, a period known as de-Stalinization occurred under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev. The Soviets took an early lead in the Space Race with the first artificial satellite, the first human spaceflight, and the first probe to land on another planet (Venus).

In the 1970s, there was a brief détente in the Soviet Union's relationship with the United States, but tensions resumed following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. In the mid-1980s, the last Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, sought to reform the country through his policies of glasnost and perestroika. In 1989, during the closing stages of the Cold War, various countries of the Warsaw Pact overthrew their Marxist–Leninist regimes, which was accompanied by the outbreak of strong nationalist and separatist movements across the entire Soviet Union. In 1991, Gorbachev initiated a national referendum—boycotted by the Soviet republics of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Armenia, Georgia, and Moldova—that resulted in the majority of participating citizens voting in favour of preserving the country as a renewed federation. In August 1991, hardline members of the Communist Party staged a coup d'état against Gorbachev; the attempt failed, with Boris Yeltsin playing a high-profile role in facing down the unrest, and the Communist Party was subsequently banned. The Russian Federation became the Soviet Union's successor state, while all of the other republics emerged from the USSR's collapse as fully independent post-Soviet states.

The Soviet Union produced many significant social and technological achievements and innovations. It had the world's second-largest economy, and the Soviet Armed Forces comprised the largest standing military in the world. An NPT-designated state, it possessed the largest arsenal of nuclear weapons in the world. It was a founding member of the United Nations as well as one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. Before the dissolution, the country had maintained its status as one of the world's two superpowers through its hegemony in Eastern Europe, military and economic strengths and scientific research.